htaccess custom error documents

The htaccess gives you the ability to redirect the visitor to different pages if they try to access an invalid page. You can use a custom error page for any type of error as long as you know its number. using custom error page helps lot to increase the performence in Search Engine Optimizaton.

To know detailed http error codes refer to my previous post.to work out this you need to add these htaccess command to your httaccess file and include in your server root folder.

To know how to user htaccess file please refere to my previouse post.

Example: 404 Page Not Found. The layout for this command is :

ErrorDocument errornumber /filename.html

So if you create a page called NotFound.html and you wanted to use it as the 404 error page, the command would be :

ErrorDocument 404 /NotFound.html

If you want to keep all of the error pages in a separate directory, just include the directory name in the file path :

ErrorDocument 404 /errorpages/NotFound.html

The most used error documents are :

400 Bad Request A generic kind of error that people get into by doing some strange stuff with your URL or scripts.

401 Authorization Required When someone tries to enter a protected area without proper authorization.

403 Forbidden When a file with permissions not allowing it to be accessed by the user is requested.

404 Not Found Kinda obvious.

500 Internal Server Error This may help you with internal server errors in any scripts you have running.

There are many others, To view complete http error code see my previous post.

Popularity: 1% [?]

Http protocol error and response code reference.

we know that web servers and web client uses mostly common protocol is HTTP, we need use response codes in our application . So i made a simple and breif reference below

Successful Client Requests

200 OK
201 Created
202 Accepted
203 Non-Authorative Information
204 No Content
205 Reset Content
206 Partial Content

Client Request Redirected

300 Multiple Choices
301 Moved Permanently
302 Moved Temporarily
303 See Other
304 Not Modified
305 Use Proxy

Client Request Errors

400 Bad Request
401 Authorization Required
402 Payment Required (not used yet)
403 Forbidden
404 Not Found
405 Method Not Allowed
406 Not Acceptable (encoding)
407 Proxy Authentication Required
408 Request Timed Out
409 Conflicting Request
410 Gone
411 Content Length Required
412 Precondition Failed
413 Request Entity Too Long
414 Request URI Too Long
415 Unsupported Media Type

Server Errors

500 Internal Server Error
501 Not Implemented
502 Bad Gateway
503 Service Unavailable
504 Gateway Timeout
505 HTTP Version Not Supported

Popularity: 1% [?]

Hide the web browser context menu with jquery

Sometimes we need to prevent the context menu from the browser when user right clicks on the element . for example preventing the user from saving image from application,viewing the source code of the web page.
it is very simple to do that using jquery with “contextmenu” event

jQuery().ready(function(){
jQuery('img').bind('contextmenu',function(){return false;});
});

In the above example we disabled context menu on the images by saving. we can see this demo on my previous post about the jquery mouse gestures.

Popularity: 2% [?]

A Simple jQuery mouse gestures demo and tutorial.

You can see this example live over top of my blog header, it shows mouse left,right,middle ,over events live. here we learn how did i implemented this.

HTML of demo

Here we use simple logic with four layers for each mouse event. code shown below

<div id="mouse-div">
  <div id="mouse-parts">
    <div id="mouse-left">&nbsp;</div>
    <div id="mouse-right">&nbsp;</div>
    <div id="mouse-blink">&nbsp;</div>    
    <div id="mouse-middle">&nbsp;</div>
  </div>

CSS of Demo

Total mouse main element #mouse-div was positioned absolutely with mouse background.

mouse main element has another element called #mouse-parts and positioned relatively with main element.

#mouse-left element positioned with main background and its mouse left click event background matched exactly with absolute positioning.

#mouse-right element positioned with main background and its mouse right click event background matched exactly with absolute positioning.

#mouse-middle element positioned with main background and its mouse middle click event background matched exactly with absolute positioning.

#mouse-blink element positioned with main background and its mouse over event background matched exactly with absolute positioning.

#mouse-div {
	position: absolute;
	height: 240px;
	width: 200px;
	left: 14px;
	top: 51px;
	background: url(mouse.png) no-repeat left top;
}
#mouse-div #mouse-parts {
	position: relative;
	height: 100%;
	width: 100%;
}
#mouse-parts #mouse-blink {
	height: 43px;
	width: 45px;
	background: url(mouse-over.png) no-repeat center center;
	position: absolute;
	left: 114px;
	top: 165px;
	display:none;
}
#mouse-parts #mouse-left {
	height: 141px;
	width: 114px;
	background: url(mouse-left.png) no-repeat left top;
	position: absolute;
	top: 24px;
	display:none;
}
#mouse-parts #mouse-right {
	height: 142px;
	width: 110px;
	position: absolute;
	background: url(mouse-right.png) no-repeat left top;
	left: 62px;
	top: 0px;
	display:none;
}
#mouse-parts #mouse-middle {
	height: 128px;
	width: 82px;
	position: absolute;
	background: url(mouse-middle.png) no-repeat left top;
	left: 33px;
	top: -1px;
	display:none;
}

jQuery Code

jQuery().ready(function(){
jQuery('#mouse-div').hover(function(){
jQuery('#mouse-blink').show();},function(){
jQuery('#mouse-blink').hide();})
.mousedown(function(e){ //fire the each event when mouse button pressed
e.preventDefault();
if(e.which==1){
jQuery('#mouse-left').show();//show the mouse-left element over the mouse that was brightened
}else if(e.which==3){
jQuery('#mouse-right').show();//show the mouse-right element over the mouse that was brightened
return false;
}else if(e.which==2){
jQuery('#mouse-middle').show();//show the mouse-middle element over the mouse that was brightened
}
return false;})
.mouseup(function(e){jQuery('#mouse-left,#mouse-right,#mouse-middle').hide();})//reset the all images to hidden state when mouse released
.bind('contextmenu',function(){return false;});//hide the default context menu when right clicking on main element.
});

View Demo and Download ‘jquery mouse guestures’

Popularity: 17% [?]

submit a form with post method to remote server using php curl

We learn how to submit the form data to remote server in my previous example with URL string.
Here we can pass data with POST multipart method,main difference is that we passs it as array.

To submit forms using cURL, we need to follow the below steps:

1. Prepare the data to be posted
2. Connect to the remote URL
3. Post (submit) the data
4. Fetch response and display it to the user or do some other stuff with it.

Below Example Has two files,one to post the data and other is to process the data.

/*
 * Data which is to submitted to the remote URL
 */
 
 
$post_array = array('fname'=>'mahesh','lname'=>'chari');
 
/*
 * Initialize cURL and connect to the remote URL
 * You will need to replace the URL with your own server's URL
 * or wherever you uploaded this script to. 
 */
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, 'http://example.com/curlpost_handler.php' );
 
/*
 * Instruct cURL to do a regular HTTP POST
 */
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, TRUE);
 
/*
 * Specify the data which is to be posted
 */
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $post_array);
 
/*
 * Tell curl_exec to return the response output as a string
 */
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, TRUE);
 
/**
 * Execute the cURL session
 */
$response = curl_exec($ch );
 
/**
 * Close cURL session and file
 */
curl_close($ch );
 
echo $response; // is Welcome Maheshchari.

Handling post data on curlpost_hanlder.php

$firstname=$_POST['fname'];
$lastname=$_POST['lname'];
echo "Welcome ".$firstname.$lastname;

Popularity: 6% [?]

Submitting form to remote server.

We learned some basics in my previous article cURL basics. Here we cover a topic how to submit a form to remote server.

To submit forms using cURL, we need to follow the below steps:

1. Prepare the data to be posted
2. Connect to the remote URL
3. Post (submit) the data
4. Fetch response and display it to the user or do some other stuff with it.

Below Example Has two files,one to post the data and other is to process the data.

/*
 * Data which is to submitted to the remote URL
 */
 
 
$post_str = urlencode("fname=mahesh&lname=chari");
 
/*
 * Initialize cURL and connect to the remote URL
 * You will need to replace the URL with your own server's URL
 * or wherever you uploaded this script to. 
 */
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, 'http://example.com/curlpost_handler.php' );
 
/*
 * Instruct cURL to do a regular HTTP POST
 */
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, TRUE);
 
/*
 * Specify the data which is to be posted
 */
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $post_str);
 
/*
 * Tell curl_exec to return the response output as a string
 */
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, TRUE);
 
/**
 * Execute the cURL session
 */
$response = curl_exec($ch );
 
/**
 * Close cURL session and file
 */
curl_close($ch );
 
echo $response; // is Welcome Maheshchari.

Handling post data on curlpost_hanlder.php

$firstname=$_POST['fname'];
$lastname=$_POST['lname'];
echo "Welcome ".$firstname.$lastname;

Popularity: 17% [?]

cURL basics and functions over view

cURL is a PHP library which allows you to connect and communicate to many different types of servers with many different types of protocols.Main difference is it has session capability unlik fopen. We can make small scale robot script with cURL functions in PHP.

With cURL we can:

• Implement payment gateways’ payment notification scripts.
• Download and upload files from remote servers.
• Login to other websites and access members only sections.
• Cross site communication with PHP backend and Ajax.

PHP cURL library is definitely the odd man out. Unlike other PHP libraries where a whole plethora of functions is made available, PHP cURL wraps up a major parts of its functionality with following functions.

Curl functions are:

1. curl_close — Close a cURL session
2. curl_copy_handle — Copy a cURL handle along with all of its preferences
3. curl_errno — Return the last error number
4. curl_error — Return a string containing the last error for the current session
5. curl_exec — Perform a cURL session
6. curl_getinfo — Get information regarding a specific transfer
7. curl_init — Initialize a cURL session
8. curl_multi_add_handle — Add a normal cURL handle to a cURL multi handle
9. curl_multi_close — Close a set of cURL handles
10. curl_multi_exec — Run the sub-connections of the current cURL handle
11. curl_multi_getcontent — Return the content of a cURL handle if CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER is set
12. curl_multi_info_read — Get information about the current transfers
13. curl_multi_init — Returns a new cURL multi handle
14. curl_multi_remove_handle — Remove a multi handle from a set of cURL handles
15. curl_multi_select — Wait for activity on any curl_multi connection
16. curl_setopt_array — Set multiple options for a cURL transfer
17. curl_setopt — Set an option for a cURL transfer
18. curl_version — Gets cURL version information

curl_setopt is the pivot around which the main cURL functionality revolves. cURL functioning is controlled by way of passing predefined options and values to this function.

A simple example to handle google rss feed

 
/*
*
* Initialize the cURL session
*/
$curl_handler = curl_init();
/*
*
* Set the URL of the page or file to download.
*/
curl_setopt($curl_handler, CURLOPT_URL,
'http://news.google.com/news?hl=en&topic=t&output=rss');
/*
*
* Ask cURL to return the contents in a variable
* instead of simply echoing them to the browser.
*/
curl_setopt($curl_handler, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
/*
*
* Execute the cURL session,do some stuff with content
*/
$contents = curl_exec ($curl_handler);
/*
*
* Close cURL session,
*be sure to close the handler as curl stores cookies ,other file data stores on server.
*/
curl_close ($curl_handler);

In the above example we used CURLOPT_URL,CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER options.

Popularity: 24% [?]

How to check weather mod_rewrite module is enabled or not?

We know the impotence of the Search Engine Friendly URLs . To make an application SEF preferable we must have .htaccess permissions and mod_rewrite module enabled.

Here we discuss if apache web server mod_rewrite module enabled or not.

Step1: Open your note pad and pate below code in it and Save as phpinfo.php.

<?php phpinfo(); ?>

Step2: Now preview this page and find the “mod_rewrite” in the column of “Loaded modules”.

Step3: If we found this we enabled mod_rewrite module.

Step4:if we didn’t found ,we can enable it by reading my previous article.

Popularity: 1% [?]

How to enable mode_rewrite module on apache

Before enabling this module for SEF URL s ,we must have permission to use .htaccess file .Please read my previous post to enable .htacess.

Before beginning this article ,please back up your apache configuration file httpd.conf file located in apache installation.

Now open with note pad this configuration file and find the below the lin

#LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so

Now remove the “#” symbol in the above line,results modified looks below

LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so

Now Save the file and restart the apache now mod_rewrite module is enabled.

Popularity: 1% [?]

Enable htacces for directories

we know that htaccess permission must on apache web server like making SEF urls, directory permissions..etc.here we discuss about how to check .htaccess enabled.

Before we begin this tutorial, please make sure you make a backup copy of the original httpd.conf apache configuration file located in apache installation folder in case we make a mistake, this way we can always go back to the original configuration file

Now open

httpd.conf

file with note pad and find the below text

<Directory />
    Options FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride none
    Order deny,allow
    Deny from all
    Satisfy all
</Directory>

Then replace AllowOverride none to AllowOverride All. Modified version looks as below

<Directory />
    Options FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride all
    Order deny,allow
    Deny from all
    Satisfy all
</Directory>

Above change tells the apache to use .htaccess as per directory bases.
Now we can use .htaccess files .

Remember

Remember while uploading .htaccess file to remote server make sure the file transfer in ASCII mode, generally with windows operating system FTP programs use binary mode.

Generally FTP programs doesn’t display the .htaccess files by default ,we must force the FTP program to show hidden files like .htaccess files.

When you save .htaccess file with note pad it saves as .htaccess.txt .Make sure .htaccess is a file extension not a file name with empty name.

Popularity: 17% [?]